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Casting is essentially a "Melting - Pouring - Molding" process. It refers to melting solid metal into a liquid state, then pouring it into a cavity (i.e., a mold) that matches the shape of the part. After it cools and solidifies, a rough blank or part with the predetermined shape, dimensions, and properties is obtained.
Casting Process Flow
Although there are various casting methods, they mainly include the following core steps:
1.Mold Preparation: Based on the part drawings, a mold used to form the external contour of the casting is created. This is the most critical step in casting, as the quality of the mold directly determines the accuracy of the casting.
2.Core Making: If the casting has internal cavities or holes, sand cores need to be made and placed inside the mold.
3.Melting and Pouring: Metal raw materials are heated to a molten state in a furnace. Upon reaching the predetermined temperature, the molten metal is poured into the mold cavity.
4.Cooling and Solidification: The molten metal in the mold is allowed to cool naturally or is force-cooled, completing the transformation from liquid to solid.
5.Shakeout and Cleaning: After the metal has completely solidified, the mold is broken (for disposable molds) and the casting is removed. Then, gates, risers, and flash are removed, and shot blasting or grinding is performed to obtain a finished casting with a smooth surface.
6.Inspection: The casting undergoes dimensional, visual, and non-destructive testing quality inspections to ensure it meets standards.
Casting can be divided into: Sand Casting, Investment Casting, Die Casting, Centrifugal Casting, etc. Sand casting offers low costs and is suitable for a variety of metal materials; Investment casting can produce castings with high precision and good surface quality; Die casting has high production efficiency and is suitable for mass production; Centrifugal casting is often used to manufacture cylindrical, hollow castings.
